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Nootropic

Original Wikipedia articleen.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nootropic revision used (24 October 2026)

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Overview

Nootropics (also referred to as smart drugs, neuro enhancers, and cognitive enhancers) are substances that purportedly improve cognitive functions such as memory, motivation, attention, and concentration, in healthy individuals. Nootropics are thought to work by altering the availability of the brain's supply of neurochemicals (i.e. neurotransmitters, enzymes, and hormones), by improving the brain's oxygen supply, or by stimulating nerve growth.[1][2] PW⚠ PsychonautWiki itself has flagged this text: citation needed.

Nootropics (/ˌnoʊ.əˈtroʊpɪks,_-ˈtrɒpɪks/; colloquially brain supplements, smart drugs, cognitive enhancers, memory enhancers, or brain boosters) are chemical substances which purportedly improve cognitive functions, such as attention, memory, wakefulness, and self-control.[3] WP⚠ The source gives a pronunciation guide here that is not shown.

In the United States, nootropics can be over-the-counter drugs and are commonly advertised with unproven claims of effectiveness for improving cognition. The Federal Trade Commission (FTC) and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) have warned manufacturers and consumers about possible advertising fraud and marketing scams concerning nootropic supplements. Nootropics include both prescription drugs and dietary supplements marketed to enhance brain function, but while FDA-approved drugs have proven benefits and oversight, many dietary supplements lack evidence, may contain unapproved or hidden drugs, and pose safety and regulatory risks.[4][5][6] WP

Drugs in this class on intoxicant.wiki

Every page on this site that a cited source puts in this class: 48 pages. A drug is listed when PsychonautWiki's "Nootropic" page, revision 167048 lists it, or when its own PsychonautWiki, TripSit or Wikipedia entry names this class. Each name opens our page for that drug; long chemical names are shown by a shorter name the drug is also known by (hover for the full name).

Tags show who puts each drug in this class (hover for the exact wording): PW list = listed on PsychonautWiki's page for this class; PW = the drug's PsychonautWiki entry; TS = the drug's TripSit entry (drug category); WP = the drug infobox of the drug's Wikipedia article. These are classifications only, not dosage guidance.

References

  1. Journal / agency Frati, P., Kyriakou, C., Rio, A. D., Marinelli, E., Vergallo, G. M., Zaami, S., Busardo, F. P. Smart Drugs and Synthetic Androgens for Cognitive and Physical Enhancement: Revolving Doors of Cosmetic Neurology. Current Neuropharmacology
  2. Journal / agency Lanni, C., Lenzken, S. C., Pascale, A., Del Vecchio, I., Racchi, M., Pistoia, F., Govoni, S. Cognition enhancers between treating and doping the mind. Pharmacological Research. 1 March 2008. doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2008.02.004
  3. Other Nootropic. 2024
  4. Other FTC and FDA Send Warning Letters to Companies Selling Dietary Supplements Claiming to Treat Alzheimer's Disease and Remediate or Cure Other Serious Illnesses Such as Parkinson's, Heart Disease, and Cancer. February 11, 2019
  5. Journal / agency Health fraud scams: Unproven Alzheimer's disease products. December 22, 2018
  6. Other Nootropics: Drugs vs Dietary Supplements for Brain Health. Operation Supplement Safety. Accessed 2025-05-20

Text and values on this page are quoted from PsychonautWiki (CC BY-SA 4.0), Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0). Each value links to the exact revision it came from.