Omberacetam
Also called Noopept, Ноопепт, GVS-111
Dosage
Oral bands as drawn from PsychonautWiki's ranges below. The table is the source of truth.
When sources disagree, both rows are shown as published. Nothing is averaged or merged.
Oral
| Source | Threshold | Light | Common | Strong | Heavy |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PsychonautWiki | < 5 mg PW | 5–10 mg PW | 10–20 mg PW | 20–40 mg PW | 40 mg+ PW |
| TripSit | – | 5 mg TS | 10 mg TS | 10–20 mg+ TS | – |
Insufflated
| Source | Threshold | Light | Common | Strong | Heavy |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PsychonautWiki | 1 mg PW | 1–5 mg PW | 5–10 mg PW | 10–20 mg PW | 20 mg+ PW |
| TripSit | – | 2–5 mg TS | 5–10 mg TS | 10 mg+ TS | – |
Sublingual
TripSit dose text
TripSit's factsheet also states its doses as text.
Oral Light: 5mg Common: 10mg Strong: 10-20mg+ | Sublingual/Insufflated Light: 2-5mg Common: 5-10mg Strong: 10mg+ TS
What dose are you on? (self-reported, unverified)
No reports yet.
Reports are anonymous, one per browser per day per route. Counts under 20 are shown but marked as too few to mean anything. Until accounts launch, reports stay in this browser only.
Duration
Oral, drawn at the midpoint of each PsychonautWiki range.
| Route · source | Onset | Come-up | Peak | Offset | Total | After-effects |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Oral · PsychonautWiki | 20–60 minutes PW | – | 2 hours PW | 3 hours PW | 3–5 hours PW | – |
| Insufflated · PsychonautWiki | 0–5 minutes PW | – | 2 hours PW | 3 hours PW | 2–5 hours PW | – |
TripSit factsheet
Mixing
Acute combinations: what happens when these are taken close together. Entries backed by a medical journal or agency are listed first.
Backed by medical journals
Other documented combinations
- Psychedelics - Anecdotal reports suggest that combining psychedelics with omberacetam strongly intensifies psychedelics effects. Independent research and caution are strongly advised before using these drugs in combination. PW⚠ PsychonautWiki lists this combination without a danger rating.
Risks and toxicity
The toxicity and long-term health effects of recreational omberacetam use do not seem to have been studied in any scientific context and the exact toxic dosage is unknown. This is because omberacetam has very little history of human usage. Anecdotal evidence from people who have tried omberacetam within the community suggest that there do not seem to be any negative health effects attributed to simply trying this drug at low to moderate doses by itself and using it sparingly (but nothing can be completely guaranteed). PW
It is strongly recommended that one use harm reduction practices when using this drug. PW
High doses of omberacetam (above 20 mg) can cause short-term memory loss, brain fog, irritability, sleep disturbances, and headache.[7] PW
Tolerance and addiction potential
The chronic use of omberacetam can be considered as non-addictive with a low potential for abuse. It does not seem to be capable of causing psychological dependence among users. PW
Tolerance to many of the effects of omberacetam develops over several weeks of prolonged and repeated use. This results in users having to administer increasingly larger doses to achieve the same effects. After that, it takes about 3 - 7 days for the tolerance to be reduced to half and 1 - 2 weeks to be back at baseline (in the absence of further consumption). Omberacetam may present cross-tolerance with all racetam nootropics, meaning that after the consumption of omberacetam certain nootropics such as coluracetam and piracetam may have a reduced effect.[8] PW⚠ PsychonautWiki itself has flagged this text: citation needed.
TripSit factsheet
- Avoid
- Because Noopept modulates AMPA and NMDA receptors dissociative drugs like Ketamine, MXE,etc. will have diminished effects with Noopept. It can also have unpredictable potentiating effects on Psychedelics, Alcohol, Cannabis and some Stimulants. Use caution when combining with drugs. TS
Testing
Effects
Overview
Omberacetam (also known as GVS-111 and Noopept) is a nootropic substance of the peptide class. Omberacetam is promoted and prescribed in Russia and neighbouring countries as a nootropic with neuroprotective properties.[1] PW
A common nootropic often attributed with temporarily increasing intelligence, concentration, focus and memory recall. Daily use can lead to dependency with withdrawals which make the user feel 'stupid.' Often taken daily in a 'stack' with other nootropics. TS
Omberacetam, also known as N-phenylacetyl--prolylglycine ethyl ester, is promoted as a nootropic and is a prodrug of cyclic glycine-proline. Other names include the brand name Noopept, developmental code GVS-111.[2–5] WP⚠ The source has a footnote here that is not shown.⚠ Part of this sentence could not be copied from the source. Open the source to read it in full.
Its synthesis was first reported in 1996. It is orally available. As of 2017, its metabolism and elimination half-life in humans were not well understood.[2] WP
It has been evaluated for neuroprotective effects in treating brain injuries and stroke.[6] WP
History
Legal status
- Australia: Omberacetam is a Schedule 4 prescription drug and needs a valid prescription to be taken. It is not sold within the country.[9] PW
- Canada: Omberacetam does not have a Drug Identification Number (DIN), meaning that it cannot be imported for resale or distribution. Omberacetam is not scheduled nor controlled in Canada, making import for personal reasons legal. PW⚠ PsychonautWiki itself has flagged this text: citation needed.
- Russia: Noopept in Russia is a drug of medicine and is available without a prescription.[10] PW
- United Kingdom: Omberacetam is illegal to produce, supply, or import under the Psychoactive Substance Act, which came into effect on May 26th, 2016.[11] PW
- United States: Omberacetam has no schedule assigned to it in the United States, making it unregulated and therefore legally available for anyone in the country to buy, possess and use. The Food and Drug Administration has nevertheless issued import alerts for imports of Omberacetam, considering it an analog of piracetam. FDA considers such racetam-family substances Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs) that require new drug applications and adequate labelling before being imported. Similarly, warnings have been issued for claims of medical and pharmacological effects of this officially non-drug substance.[12]
[13] PW⚠ PsychonautWiki itself has flagged this text: citation needed.
Legal status
- Hungary: As of 25 August 2020, Noopept is added to the controlled psychoactive substances list, prohibiting production, sale, import, storage and use.[14] WP
- Russia: Noopept in Russia is a drug of medicine and is available without a prescription.[15] WP
- United Kingdom: Contrary to popular belief, omberacetam is not illegal to produce, supply, or import under the Psychoactive Substance Act in the UK, which came into effect on May 26, 2016 because it neither works as a CNS (central nervous system) depressant, nor as a CNS stimulant. However, sale and supply for human consumption are prohibited.[16] WP
- United States: The Food and Drug Administration has issued import alerts for imports of omberacetam, considering it an analog of piracetam. FDA considers such racetam-family substances Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs) that require new drug applications and adequate labelling before being imported. Similarly, warnings have been issued for claims of medical and pharmacological effects. Despite these FDA enforcement actions, omberacetam is sold in over-the-counter supplements in the US, with some products formulated with dosages greater than pharmaceutical levels.[12]
[13] [17] [18] WP
Pharmacology
Pharmacology
One oft-cited study (originally published in Russian) conducted on rats, suggests that Noopept works via the "antioxidant effect, the anti-inflammatory action, and the ability to inhibit the neurotoxicity of excess calcium and glutamate, and to improve the blood rheology". Studies in rats suggest, Noopept is a prodrug of the endogenous dipeptide cycloprolylglycine. Cycloprolylglycine is a modulator of AMPA receptors and exerts neuroprotective effects dependent upon AMPA- and TrkB-Receptor activation. In cell culture, cycloprolylglycine increases brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF).[6]
Some studies suggest that the pharmacological properties of Noopept are derived from its action as an activator of Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF-1).[22]
Chemistry
User reports
Erowid erowid.org
ListingsErowid Experience Vault listing
Link as published on TripSit's factsheet.
Top storiesBluelight bluelight.org
ListingsReddit reddit.com
ListingsPop culture
No references added yet.
Add a reference
Registered users can add songs, films, books, shows, games and art about this substance. Link a source that names the substance, such as the work's Wikipedia article, a review or an interview, not only the work itself. Entries are voted on and moderated like every other value on this page.
Opens when accounts launch.
References
- Journal / agency PubChem. Noopept
- Other Noopept Information
- Journal / agency INN Recommended List 79. WHO Drug Information. 2018-03-09
- Journal / agency Omberacetam
- Other Omberacetam
- Journal / agency Ostrovskaia RU, Gudasheva TA, Voronina TA, Seredenin SB. The original novel nootropic and neuroprotective agent noopept. Eksperimental'naia i Klinicheskaia Farmakologiia. 2002. PMID 12596521
- Journal / agency Neznamov, G. G., Teleshova, E. S. Comparative studies of Noopept and piracetam in the treatment of patients with mild cognitive disorders in organic brain diseases of vascular and traumatic origin. Neuroscience and Behavioral Physiology. March 2009. doi:10.1007/s11055-009-9128-4
- Other Dr. Rita Ostrovskaya on omberacetam tolerance
- Other Administration, A. G. D. of H. T. G. 1.2 Racetams. 2019
- Other Государственный реестр лекарственных средств
- Other Psychoactive Substances Act 2016
- Journal / agency Import Alert 66-66
- Journal / agency Nutrition, C. for F. S. and A. Peak Nootropics LLC aka Advanced Nootropics - 557887 - 02/05/2019. 2019
- Journal / agency Miklós K. Az új pszichoaktív anyaggá minősített anyagokról vagy vegyületcsoportokról szóló 55/2014. (XII. 30.) EMMI rendelet módosításáról. Magyarország Hivatalos Lapja. 25 August 2020
- Other Ноопепт
- Other Psychoactive Substances Act 2016
- Journal / agency Cohen PA, Zakharevich I, Gerona R. Presence of Piracetam in Cognitive Enhancement Dietary Supplements. JAMA Internal Medicine. March 2020. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2019.5507 · PMID 31764936 · PMC6902196
- Journal / agency Cohen PA, Avula B, Wang YH, Zakharevich I, Khan I. Five Unapproved Drugs Found in Cognitive Enhancement Supplements. Neurology. Clinical Practice. June 2021. doi:10.1212/CPJ.0000000000000960 · PMID 34484905 · PMC8382366
- Journal / agency Gudasheva TA, Boyko SS, Ostrovskaya RU, Voronina TA, Akparov VK, Trofimov SS, Rozantsev GG, Skoldinov AP, Zherdev VP, Seredenin SB. The major metabolite of dipeptide piracetam analogue GVS-111 in rat brain and its similarity to endogenous neuropeptide cyclo-L-prolylglycine. European Journal of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics. 1997. doi:10.1007/BF03189814 · PMID 9358206
- Journal / agency Gudasheva TA, Koliasnikova KN, Alyaeva AG, Nikolaev SV, Antipova TA, Seredenin SB. Neuroprotective Effect of the Neuropeptide Cycloprolylglycine Depends on AMPA- and TrkB-Receptor Activation. Doklady. Biochemistry and Biophysics. December 2022. doi:10.1134/S1607672922060047 · PMID 36786983
- Journal / agency Gudasheva TA, Koliasnikova KN, Antipova TA, Seredenin SB. Neuropeptide cycloprolylglycine increases the levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in neuronal cells. Doklady. Biochemistry and Biophysics. July 2016. doi:10.1134/S1607672916040104 · PMID 27599510
- Journal / agency Zainullina LF, Ivanova TV, Sadovnikov SV, Vakhitova YV, Seredenin SB. Cognitive Enhancer Noopept Activates Transcription Factor HIF-1. Doklady. Biochemistry and Biophysics. September 2020. doi:10.1134/S1607672920050129 · PMID 33119829
- Journal / agency Vakhitova YV, Sadovnikov SV, Borisevich SS, Ostrovskaya RU, A Gudasheva T, Seredenin SB. Molecular Mechanism Underlying the Action of Substituted Pro-Gly Dipeptide Noopept. Acta Naturae. 2016. doi:10.32607/20758251-2016-8-1-82-89 · PMID 27099787 · PMC4837574
Text and values on this page are quoted from PsychonautWiki (CC BY-SA 4.0), Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0), TripSit factsheets, PubChem (public domain). Each value links to the exact revision it came from.