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Stimulant

Propylhexedrine

Also called Benzedrex, Hydromethamphetamine, Propilhexedrina, Propylhexadrine

Original Wikipedia articleen.wikipedia.org/wiki/Propylhexedrine revision used (24 October 2026)

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Common dose · Oral60–120 mg PW
Onset10–30 minutes PW
Total4–10 hours PW
After-effects2–12 hours PW

Dosage

Oral

SourceThresholdLightCommonStrongHeavy
PsychonautWiki10 mg PW30–60 mg PW60–120 mg PW120–180 mg PW180 mg+ PW

Insufflated

SourceThresholdLightCommonStrongHeavy
TripSit–10–30 mg TS30–75 mg TS75–100 mg+ TS–

Insufflated(pure)

SourceThresholdLightCommonStrongHeavy
TripSit–5–15 mg TS15–30 mg TS30–50 mg+ TS–

Oral(benzedrex)

SourceThresholdLightCommonStrongHeavy
TripSit–20–60 mg TS60–125 mg TS125–250 mg TS250 mg+ TS

Oral(pure)

SourceThresholdLightCommonStrongHeavy
TripSit–10–20 mg TS20–50 mg TS50 mg+ TS–

Note: Be aware of potency difference between pure HCl substance and cottons. TS

TripSit dose text

TripSit's factsheet also states its doses as text.

Oral(Pure) Light: 10-20mg Common: 20-50mg Strong: 50mg+ | Insufflated(Pure) Light: 5-15mg Common: 15-30mg Strong: 30-50mg+ | Oral(Benzedrex) Light: 20-60mg Common: 60-125mg Strong: 125-250mg Heavy: 250mg+ | Insufflated (Benzedrex) Light: 10-30mg's Common: 30-75mg's Strong: 75-100mg+ | Note: Be aware of potency difference between pure HCl substance and cottons. TS

What dose are you on? (self-reported, unverified)
Read this first. These numbers come from anonymous visitors typing in a box. Nobody checks them. People misjudge, mistype, troll, or take untested products of unknown strength. They are not a dose guide and never override the sourced table above. They exist only so the sourced ranges can be compared with what people say they take. If you are deciding what to take, use the sourced table, start low, and read the risks section.
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Duration

Route · sourceOnsetCome-upPeakOffsetTotalAfter-effects
Oral · PsychonautWiki10–30 minutes PW15–90 minutes PW2–5 hours PW1–3 hours PW4–10 hours PW2–12 hours PW

TripSit factsheet

Onset
Insufflated: 5-10 minutes · Oral: 5-15 minutes TS
Duration
4-8 hours TS
Aftereffects
1-16 hours TS

Mixing

For best safety practice, don't mix this drug with other stimulants.

Why: vasoconstriction, heart rate and blood pressure. PsychonautWiki says:

Quotes from PsychonautWiki, CC BY-SA 4.0.

Acute combinations: what happens when these are taken close together. Entries backed by a medical journal or agency are listed first.

Backed by medical journals

  • Tricyclic antidepressants - Propylhexedrine may increase the effects of tricyclic antidepressants to dangerous levels.[5] PW⚠ PsychonautWiki lists this combination without a danger rating.

Other documented combinations

  • Cocaine - This combination may increase strain on the heart to dangerous levels. PW⚠ PsychonautWiki lists this combination without a danger rating.

PsychonautWiki also lists dangerous combinations shared across a whole group (MAOIs, stimulants) in a table this page does not copy. Read that list on PsychonautWiki.

TripSit combination chart

TripSit rates each pairing. Only pairings with a number carry a citation from TripSit. See the whole chart; TripSit's own notes are on combo.tripsit.me.

Dangerous

amt TStramadol TS

Unsafe

dextromethorphan TSpcp TS

Caution

alcohol TScaffeine TScannabis TScocaine TSdmt TSketamine TSlsd TSmdma[6][7][8] TSmescaline TSmushrooms TSmxe TS

Low Risk & Synergy

nitrous TS

Risks and toxicity

The toxicity of recreational propylhexedrine use has not been studied as extensively as that of amphetamine or methamphetamine but it is reasonable to assume that most if not all of the same risks apply. PW

It is strongly recommended that one use harm reduction practices when using this substance. PW

Tolerance and addiction potential

As with other stimulants, the chronic use of propylhexedrine can be considered highly addictive, and is capable of causing psychological and physiological dependence among certain users. When addiction has developed, cravings and withdrawal effects may occur if a person suddenly stops or drastically decreases their usage. PW

Tolerance to the effects of this compound likely occurs in the same general fashion as with amphetamine rapidly develops with prolonged and repeated use. This results in users having to administer increasingly large doses to achieve the same effects. After that, it takes about 3 - 7 days for the tolerance to be reduced to half and 1 - 2 weeks to be back at baseline (in the absence of further consumption). Propylhexedrine presents cross-tolerance with all dopaminergic stimulants, meaning that after the consumption of propylhexedrine all stimulants will have a reduced effect.[9][10] PW

Like with amphetamine and methamphetamine the evidence on effective treatments for dependence and abuse is limited. In light of this, fluoxetine and imipramine appear to have some limited benefits in treating abuse and addiction[11] PW

In highly dependent amphetamine and methamphetamine abusers, "when chronic heavy users abruptly discontinue methamphetamine use, many report a time-limited withdrawal syndrome that occurs within 24 hours of their last dose". Withdrawal symptoms in chronic, high-dose users are frequent, occurring in up to 87.6% of cases, and persist for three to four weeks with a marked "crash" phase occurring during the first week. Methamphetamine withdrawal symptoms can include anxiety, drug craving, dysphoric mood, fatigue, increased appetite, increased movement or decreased movement, lack of motivation, sleeplessness or sleepiness, and vivid or lucid dreams. Withdrawal symptoms are associated with the degree of dependence (i.e., the extent of abuse). The mental depression associated with methamphetamine withdrawal lasts longer and is more severe than that of cocaine withdrawal. It is likely that propylhexedrine abuse is subject to these same outcomes.[12][13] PW

Psychosis

Like with the abuse of methamphetamine, propylhexedrine abuse can result in a stimulant-induced psychotic state that may present with a variety of symptoms (e.g., paranoia, hallucinations, delusions), though likely to a lesser degree. A review on treatment for amphetamine, dextroamphetamine, and methamphetamine abuse-induced psychosis states that about 5–15% of users fail to recover completely. The same review asserts that, based upon at least one trial, antipsychotic medications effectively resolve the symptoms of acute amphetamine psychosis.[14][15][16] PW

TripSit factsheet

Avoid
Other stimulants, it is known to raise heart rate much higher than what is safe.[1] TS

Testing

Awaiting sourceReagent reactions and test kit guidance from a harm reduction testing service.

Effects

Awaiting sourceSubjective and physical effects from PsychonautWiki or TripSit.

Overview

Propylhexedrine (also known as Benzedrex and Obesin) is a stimulant substance of the cycloalkylamine class. It is a structural analog of methamphetamine. Propylhexedrine is widely used medicinally as a nasal decongestant (for relief of congestion due to colds, allergies and allergic rhinitis) and sometimes used recreationally as an over-the-counter "legal high". PW

A relatively common CNS stimulant sold over the counter in benzedrex inhalers.[1] TS

Propylhexedrine, sold under the brand name Benzedrex among others, is an alkylamine primarily utilized as a topical decongestant. Its main indications are relief of congestion due to colds, allergies, and allergic rhinitis. Propylhexedrine was first used medically in 1949, with the release of Benzedrex by Smith, Kline & French, and it has been used, mainly within the United States, since then.[2][3][4] WP

History

History

Propylhexedrine's medical use as a decongestant evolved from desires to find safer alternatives to previous agents. After searching for such an agent, Dr. Glenn E. Ullyot patented propylhexedrine as a decongestant in 1948. This patent was issued for benefit of Smith, Kline & French. Before it was sold nationally in the United States, propylhexedrine underwent market trials in California. These market trials began on July 15, 1949. Propylhexedrine (under the brand name Benzedrex) was first introduced into commerce on August 4, 1949.[4][17][18][19] WP

Approval for use in the United Kingdom soon followed in 1956. Later, approval for use in Canada was granted in 1998. In 2023, B. F. Ascher & Co. decreased the amount of propylhexedrine in the Benzedrex inhaler from its historic 250 milligrams down to 175 milligrams.[20][21][22] WP

Barbexaclone, an anticonvulsant containing propylhexedrine, was used in Turkey until its withdrawal from the market in 2009. Barbexaclone's former niche in Turkish medicine is now largely occupied by levetiracetam.[23] WP

Pharmacology

Mechanism of action

Propylhexedrine works mainly as an adrenergic agonist, when used at therapeutic doses in an inhaler dosage form. This restricts the blood vessels in the nose and reduces swelling; thereby, it relieves nasal congestion. At higher doses, propylhexedrine affects the central nervous system as a norepinephrine–dopamine releasing agent (NDRA). Propylhexedrine likely exerts such effects in a manner similar to related alkylamines such as cyclopentamine, methylhexanamine, and tuaminoheptane. Propylhexedrine also exhibits antihypotensive effects.[58–64] WP

Pharmacokinetics

Propylhexedrine undergoes metabolism via N-demethylation, C-oxidation, N-oxidation, dehydrogenation, and hydrolysis to form various metabolites such as norpropylhexedrine, cyclohexylacetoxime, cyclohexylacetone, and 4-hydroxypropylhexedrine.[65] WP

Chemistry

Formula
C10H21N PC
CAS number
101-40-6 PC
Molar mass (g/mol)
155.28 PC
IUPAC name (computed by PubChem)
1-cyclohexyl-N-methylpropan-2-amine PC
SMILES
CC(CC1CCCCC1)NC PC
InChIKey
JCRIVQIOJSSCQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N PC
PubChem CID
7558

User reports

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Top stories
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Listings
Awaiting sourceTrip report threads and this substance's discussion forum.
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Reddit reddit.com

Listings
Awaiting sourceTrip report posts and the relevant subreddits.
Top stories
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Pop culture

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References

  1. Journal / agency A drug toxicity death involving propylhexedrine and mitragynine
  2. Journal / agency Cold, Cough, Allergy, Bronchodilator, and Antiasthmatic Drug Products for Over-the-Counter Human Use. June 7, 2023
  3. Journal / agency BENZEDREX 09-19-2014- propylhexedrine inhalant
  4. Other Schwarez J. Sniffing Benzedrine Inhalers
  5. Journal / agency Adderall Prescription info
  6. Journal / agency Kelly J. Clemens, Iain S. McGregor, Glenn E. Hunt, Jennifer L. Cornish. MDMA, methamphetamine and their combination: possible lessons for party drug users from recent preclinical research
  7. Journal / agency Kelly J. Clemens, Iain S. McGregor, Glenn E. Hunt, Jennifer L. Cornish. Repeated weekly exposure to MDMA, methamphetamine or their combination: long-term behavioural and neurochemical effects in rats
  8. Journal / agency P. Leon Brown, Eugene A. Kiyatkin. Brain hyperthermia induced by MDMA (‘ecstasy’): modulation by environmental conditions
  9. Journal / agency Pérez-Mañá, C., Castells, X., Torrens, M., Capellà, D., Farre, M. Efficacy of psychostimulant drugs for amphetamine abuse or dependence. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2 September 2013. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD009695.pub2
  10. Other Amphetamines, By Patrick G. O’Connor, MD, MPH, Yale University School of Medicine
  11. Journal / agency Srisurapanont, M., Jarusuraisin, N., Kittirattanapaiboon, P. Treatment for amphetamine dependence and abuse. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2001. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD003022
  12. Journal / agency Shoptaw, S. J., Kao, U., Heinzerling, K., Ling, W. Treatment for amphetamine withdrawal. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 15 April 2009. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD003021.pub2
  13. Journal / agency Winslow, B. T., Voorhees, K. I., Pehl, K. A. Methamphetamine abuse. American Family Physician. 15 October 2007
  14. Journal / agency National Institute on Drug Abuse. Emerging Trends
  15. Journal / agency Shoptaw, S. J., Kao, U., Ling, W. W. Treatment for amphetamine psychosis. 8 October 2008. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD003026.pub2
  16. Other Hofmann, F. G. A handbook on drug and alcohol abuse: the biomedical aspects. 1983
  17. Other Cyclohexylalkylamines
  18. Journal / agency Wesson DR. Propylhexdrine. Drug and Alcohol Dependence. June 1986. doi:10.1016/0376-8716(86)90013-X · PMID 2874970
  19. Other Grant G. Extension of remarks by representative Grant on H.R. 2969 - Bezedrine Inhalers. August 4, 1949
  20. Journal / agency Smith DE, Wesson DR, Sees KL, Morgan JP. An epidemiological and clinical analysis of propylhexedrine abuse in the United States. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs. 1988-10-01. doi:10.1080/02791072.1988.10472514 · PMID 2907528
  21. Other Propylhexedrine - NAPRA
  22. Journal / agency Benzedrex- propylhexedrine inhalant (06/23/2023)
  23. Journal / agency Bolukbasi F, Delil S, Bulus E, Senturk A, Yeni N, Karaagac N. End of the barbexaclone era: an experience of treatment withdrawal. Epileptic Disorders. September 2013. doi:10.1684/epd.2013.0605 · PMID 23981808
  24. Other Anlage 1 AMVV
  25. Other Verordnung des EDI über die Verzeichnisse der Betäubungsmittel, psychotropen Stoffe, Vorläuferstoffe und Hilfschemikalien
  26. Journal / agency Expert Committee on Drug Dependence's Twenty-Seventh Report. September 28, 1990
  27. Other Therapeutic Goods (Poisons Standard—June 2024)
  28. Other Anvisa. RDC Nº 784 - Listas de Substâncias Entorpecentes, Psicotrópicas, Precursoras e Outras sob Controle Especial. 2023-03-31
  29. Harm reduction site Erowid Propylhexedrine (Benzedrex) Vault: Law
  30. Other Government of Canada, Public Works and Government Services Canada. Canada Gazette, Part 2, Volume 156, Number 18: Order Amending Schedule V to the Controlled Drugs and Substances Act (Novel Fentanyl Precursors). 2022-08-31
  31. Journal / agency Winter E. Bemerkungen zu Drogenmißbrauch und -abhängigkeit vom Amphetamin- Typ unter besonderer Berücksichtigung des Amphetaminils (Aponeuron (R)). Psychiatrie, Neurologie und medizinische Psychologie. 1976
  32. Other The Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 (Modification) Order 1995
  33. Other Wilson A. The blanket drugs ban is necessary, but won't solve the bigger problem – as I know from personal experience. 2016-03-23
  34. Harm reduction site Lawn J. Schedules of Controlled Substances: Placement of Propylhexedrine and Pyrovalerone into Schedule V. April 4, 1988
  35. Harm reduction site Bonner R. Schedules of Controlled Substances: Removal of Propylhexedrine From Control. December 3, 1991
  36. Journal / agency Sec. 1308.22 Excluded substances
  37. Other Haislip G. Excluded Non-narcotic Over-the-counter Substances. January 11, 1989
  38. Other AK Stat § 11.71.180 (2025)
  39. Other AZ Rev Stat § 13-3401 (2025)
  40. Other FL Stat § 893.03 (2011)
  41. Other GA Code § 16-13-29.1 (2022)
  42. Other ID Code § 37-2713 (2010)
  43. Other KS Stat § 65-4113 (2021)
  44. Other RI Gen L § 21-28-2.08 (2021)
  45. Other Benzedrex Inhaler
  46. Other Benzedrex Trademark of B.F. Ascher & Company Inc - Registration Number 0896775 - Serial Number 72340742
  47. Other Robertson V. Prince v. B.F. Ascher Company, Inc., 90 P.3d 1020 (Okla. Civ. App. 2004). February 17, 2004
  48. Other B.F. Ascher marks 50th year. March 1, 1999
  49. Journal / agency Action in Respect of International Conventions on Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances. November 24, 1989
  50. Journal / agency Angrist BM, Schweitzer JW, Gershon S, Friedhoff AJ. Mephentermine psychosis: misuse of the Wyamine inhaler. The American Journal of Psychiatry. March 1970. doi:10.1176/ajp.126.9.1315 · PMID 5413209
  51. Other Foundation Consumer Healthcare to Add Seven Over-the-Counter Brands to Expanding Portfolio of Healthcare Products. October 1, 2020
  52. Journal / agency Polster H. Über eine Vergiftung mit dem Appetitzügler Propylhexedrin "Obesin", bei einem 3 Ährigen Kinde. Archiv für Toxikologie. February 1965. doi:10.1007/BF00577551 · PMID 14272412
  53. Journal / agency Rose W. Arzneimittelsucht durch Mißbrauch von sogenannten Appetitzüglern (Obesin). Archiv für Toxikologie. September 1959. doi:10.1007/BF00577633
  54. Journal / agency Krueger HJ, Schwarz H. Clinical Communication on the Therapy of Epilepsy With Maliasin. Die Medizinische Welt. April 1965. PMID 14276849
  55. Other MALIASIN Trademark - Registration Number 0797076 - Serial Number 72213021
  56. Other Serracchiani D. Parliamentary question | Maliasin | P-001035/2011 | European Parliament. January 31, 2011
  57. Journal / agency Hofer R, Locker A. Therapeutic experiences with the appetite depressant eventin. Wiener Medizinische Wochenschrift. April 1958. PMID 13558159
  58. Harm reduction site Propylhexedrine
  59. Other Decongestants. 2017-10-18
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  61. Journal / agency Small C, Cheng MH, Belay SS, Bulloch SL, Zimmerman B, Sorkin A, Block ER. The Alkylamine Stimulant 1,3-Dimethylamylamine Exhibits Substrate-Like Regulation of Dopamine Transporter Function and Localization. The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. August 2023. doi:10.1124/jpet.122.001573 · PMID 37348963 · PMC10353075
  62. Journal / agency Schmidt JL, Fleming WW. A Nonsympathomimetic Effect of Cyclopentamine and Beta-Mercaptoethylamine in the Rabbit Ileum. The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. July 1964. doi:10.1016/S0022-3565(25)26827-6 · PMID 14209515
  63. Journal / agency Delicado EG, Fideu MD, Miras-Portugal MT, Pourrias B, Aunis D. Effect of tuamine, heptaminol and two analogues on uptake and release of catecholamines in cultured chromaffin cells. Biochemical Pharmacology. August 1990. doi:10.1016/0006-2952(90)90322-c · PMID 2386550
  64. Journal / agency Lands AM, Nash VL. The pharmacologic activity of N-methyl-beta-cyclohexyl-isopropylamine hydrochloride. The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. April 1947. doi:10.1016/S0022-3565(25)05868-9 · PMID 20295519
  65. Journal / agency Midha KK, Beckett AH, Saunders A. Identification of the major metabolites of propylhexedrine in vivo (in man) and in vitro (in guinea pig and rabbit). Xenobiotica; the Fate of Foreign Compounds in Biological Systems. October 1974. doi:10.1080/00498257409169765 · PMID 4428789

Text and values on this page are quoted from PsychonautWiki (CC BY-SA 4.0), Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0), TripSit factsheets, PubChem (public domain). Each value links to the exact revision it came from.