Tafluprost
Part of the metabolic pathway of Tafluprost. See the timeline on the metabolic highway.
Overview
Tafluprost (trade names Taflotan by Santen Pharmaceutical, Zioptan by Merck in the US and Saflutan by Mundipharma in Australia) is a prostaglandin analogue. It is used topically (as eye drops) to control the progression of open-angle glaucoma and in the management of ocular hypertension, alone or in combination with other medication. It reduces intraocular pressure by increasing the outflow of aqueous fluid from the eyes.[1]
Risks and side effects
Adverse effects
The most common side effect is conjunctival hyperemia, which occurs in 4 to 20% of patients. Less common side effects include stinging of the eyes, headache, and respiratory infections. Rare side effects are dyspnoea (breathing difficulties), worsening of asthma, and macular oedema.[1]
Interactions
Interactions
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can either reduce or increase the effect of tafluprost. Timolol eye drops, a common kind of glaucoma medication, does not negatively interact with this drug.[1]
No interactions with systemic (for example, oral) drugs are expected because tafluprost does not reach relevant concentrations in the bloodstream.[2]
Pharmacology
Mechanism of action
Tafluprost is a prodrug of the active substance, tafluprost acid, a structural and functional analogue of prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α). Tafluprost acid is a selective agonist at the prostaglandin F receptor, increasing outflow of aqueous fluid from the eyes and thus lowering intraocular pressure.[2]
Other PGF2α analogues with the same mechanism include latanoprost and travoprost.[2] WP
Pharmacokinetics
Tafluprost, as a lipophilic ester, easily penetrates the cornea and is then activated to the carboxylic acid, tafluprost acid. Onset of action is 2 to 4 hours after application, the maximal effect is reached after 12 hours, and ocular pressure remains lowered for at least 24 hours.[2]
Tafluprost acid is inactivated by beta oxidation to 1,2-dinortafluprost acid, 1,2,3,4-tetranortafluprost acid, and its lactone, which are subsequently glucuronidated or hydroxylated. The cytochrome P450 liver enzymes play no role in the metabolism.[3] WP
An analogous pathway (at least up to the tetranor-metabolites) has been found for latanoprost and travoprost. WP
Chemistry
- Formula
- C25H34F2O5 PC
- Molar mass (g/mol)
- 452.5 PC
- IUPAC name (computed by PubChem)
- propan-
2- PCyl (E) - 7- [2- [(E) - 3, 3- difluoro- 4- phenoxybut- 1- enyl] - 3, 5- dihydroxycyclopentyl] hept- 5- enoate - SMILES
- CC(C)
OC(=O) PCCCC/C=C/CC1C(CC(C1/C=C/C(COC2=CC=CC=C2) (F) F) O) O - InChIKey
- WSNODXPBBALQOF-
ZHDUIJGQSA- PCN - PubChem CID
- 6433101
Harm reduction information
No harm reduction data is on file for this compound yet. That means no dose, timing or combination data from PsychonautWiki or TripSit. Please don't guess a dose from similar compounds. If you have taken it and feel unwell, contact emergency services or a poison control center.
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Sources
- Other Tafluprost drugs.com PPA tafluprost
- Other Austria-Codex. 2015
- Other Arzneistoff-Profile. 2011
Text and values on this page are quoted from Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0), PubChem (public domain). Each value links to the exact revision it came from.