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Caffeine

What the body does with Caffeine, from the dose to the exit, as its Wikipedia drug infobox records it.

Quoted from the Wikipedia infobox, not yet written up by hand. The order is the usual order of events, not a measured schedule.

CaffeinetakenTheobrominemetaboliteTheophyllinemetabolite7-MethylxanthinemetaboliteExitUrine (100%)

The clock, on a log scale

Each bar runs from the dose to about five half-lives, roughly when 97% of that molecule has been converted or cleared. The scale is logarithmic so minutes and days fit on one line.

  1. 0 → onsetdose

    Onset

    45 minutes–1 hour 1

  2. doseabsorbed

    Bioavailability

    99% 1

  3. hoursbreakdown

    Metabolism

    Primary: CYP1A2; Minor: CYP2E1, CYP3A4; CYP2C8, CYP2C9 1

  4. hoursmade from it

    Metabolites

    Paraxanthine 84%; Theobromine 12%; Theophylline 4% 1

  5. hoursfrom the article text

    What else it turns into

    “1,3,7-Trimethyluric acid is a minor caffeine metabolite. 7-Methylxanthine is also a metabolite of caffeine.” 2

  6. half-lifehalf gone

    Elimination half-life

    Adults: 3–7 hours; Infants (full term): 8 hours; Infants (premature): 100 hours 1

  7. durationeffects

    Duration of action

    3–4 hours 1

  8. exitleaves the body

    Excretion

    Urine (100%) 1

Sources

  1. Wikipedia, Caffeine, drug infobox (revision 1377940893), CC BY-SA 4.0. Values quoted as they appear, with wiki markup removed.
  2. Wikipedia, Caffeine, article text (revision 1377940893), CC BY-SA 4.0. Sentences quoted as they appear.

Half-lives vary between people, doses and routes. This page explains what the body does with a drug. It is not dosing advice.