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Compound

Tolazoline

Also called 2-Benzylimidazoline, Benzazoline, 2-Benzyl-2-imidazoline

Original Wikipedia articleen.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tolazoline revision used (24 October 2026)

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Overview

Tolazoline is a non-selective competitive α₂-adrenergic receptor antagonist. It is a vasodilator that is used to treat spasms of peripheral blood vessels (as in acrocyanosis). It has also been used (in conjunction with sodium nitroprusside) successfully as an antidote to reverse the severe peripheral vasoconstriction which can occur as a result of overdose with certain 5-HT2A receptor agonist drugs such as 25I-NBOMe, DOB, and Bromodragonfly.[1–4] WP

Uses, dosage and effects

Use

Tolazoline is used in large animal medicine to reverse the effects of α₂-adrenergic receptor agonists, typically xylazine. Large doses of intravenous tolazoline in cattle can cause hyperesthesia and opisthotonos and other routes such as intramusucular are preferred.[5] WP

Pharmacology

Pharmacology

Tolazoline binds to the a₂ adrenergic receptor at a ratio of 4:1, the lowest of all a₂ adrenergic receptor antagonists. Tolazoline activates the imidazoline receptor.[5] WP

IV tolazoline has slow elimination and a large distribution in the horse.[5][6] WP

History

History

Tolazoline was first used in the 1980s as an alternative reversal agent for xylazine.[5] WP

Chemistry

Formula
C10H12N2 PC
CAS number
59-98-3 PC
Molar mass (g/mol)
160.22 PC
IUPAC name (computed by PubChem)
2-benzyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazole PC
SMILES
C1CN=C(N1)CC2=CC=CC=C2 PC
InChIKey
JIVZKJJQOZQXQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N PC
PubChem CID
5504
IUPAC name
2-Benzyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazole WP

Harm reduction information

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Sources

  1. Other Aronson JK. Meyler's side effects of drugs: the international encyclopedia of adverse drug reactions and interactions. 2016
  2. Other Human Metabolome Database: Showing metabocard for Tolazoline (HMDB0014935)
  3. Journal / agency Bowen JS, Davis GB, Kearney TE, Bardin J. Diffuse vascular spasm associated with 4-bromo-2,5-dimethoxyamphetamine ingestion. JAMA. March 1983. doi:10.1001/jama.1983.03330350053028 · PMID 6827726
  4. Journal / agency Thorlacius K, Borna C, Personne M. Bromo-dragon fly--life-threatening drug. Can cause tissue necrosis as demonstrated by the first described case. Läkartidningen. 2008. PMID 18522262
  5. Other Lamont LA, Creighton CM. Veterinary Anesthesia and Analgesia, The 6th Edition of Lumb and Jones
  6. Journal / agency Casbeer H, Knych H. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamic effects of tolazoline following intravenous administration to horses. The Veterinary Journal. 2013. doi:10.1016/j.tvjl.2012.12.006 · PMID 23321455

Text and values on this page are quoted from Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0), PubChem (public domain). Each value links to the exact revision it came from.