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Compound

Pheniprazine

Also called beta-Phenylisopropylhydrazine, Feniprazina, Phenizine

Original Wikipedia articleen.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pheniprazine revision used (24 October 2026)

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Overview

Pheniprazine, formerly sold under the brand names Catron and Cavodil, is an irreversible and non-selective monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) of the hydrazine group that was used as an antidepressant to treat depression in the 1960s. It was also used in the treatment of angina pectoris and schizophrenia. Pheniprazine has been largely discontinued due to toxicity concerns such as jaundice, amblyopia, and optic neuritis.[1–9] WP

Pharmacology

Pharmacology

Pheniprazine is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI).[1] WP

Amphetamine has been detected as an active metabolite of pheniprazine in animals. Pheniprazine produces amphetamine- and psychostimulant-like effects at high doses in animals. The same is true of certain other MAOIs, including iproniazid, phenelzine, tranylcypromine, and pargyline, but not nialamide.[10–13] WP

Legal status

Names

Pheniprazine is the generic name of the drug and its INN (International Nonproprietary Name) and BAN (British Approved Name). It is also known by the former developmental code name JB-516.[1] WP

Chemistry

Formula
C9H14N2 PC
CAS number
55-52-7 PC
Molar mass (g/mol)
150.22 PC
IUPAC name (computed by PubChem)
1-phenylpropan-2-ylhydrazine PC
SMILES
CC(CC1=CC=CC=C1)NN PC
InChIKey
VXTWEDPZMSVFEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N PC
PubChem CID
5929
IUPAC name
(1-Methyl-2-phenyl-ethyl)hydrazine WP

Harm reduction information

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Sources

  1. Other Elks, J. The Dictionary of Drugs: Chemical Data: Chemical Data, Structures and Bibliographies. 2014
  2. Journal / agency Lear TE, Browne MW, Greeves JA. A controlled trial of cavodil (pheniprazine) in depression. The Journal of Mental Science. November 1962. doi:10.1192/bjp.108.457.856 · PMID 13928843
  3. Journal / agency Fagervall I, Ross SB. Inhibition of monoamine oxidase in monoaminergic neurones in the rat brain by irreversible inhibitors. Biochemical Pharmacology. April 1986. doi:10.1016/0006-2952(86)90285-6 · PMID 2870717
  4. Journal / agency Eberson LE, Persson K. Studies on Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors. I. The Autoxidation of β-Phenylisopropylhydrazine as a Model Reaction for Irreversible Monoamine Oxidase Inhibition. Journal of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry. July 1962. doi:10.1021/jm01239a006 · PMID 14056405
  5. Journal / agency Sandler G. Clinical evaluation of pheniprazine in angina pectoris. British Medical Journal. March 1961. doi:10.1136/bmj.1.5228.792 · PMID 13746179 · PMC1953879
  6. Journal / agency Wickstrom L, Hahn N. beta-Phenylisoprophlhydrazine (Catran) in schizophrenia. Nordisk Medicin. September 1962. PMID 14000469
  7. Journal / agency Fentem PH, Howitt G. Fatal jaundice after administration of pheniprazine. British Medical Journal. December 1961. doi:10.1136/bmj.2.5267.1616 · PMID 13892290 · PMC1970739
  8. Journal / agency Frandsen E. Toxic amblyopia during antidepressant treatment with pheniprazine (Catran). Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica. 1962. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1962.tb01780.x · PMID 13894598
  9. Journal / agency Thomsen NJ. Optic neuritis after treatment with Catran. Ugeskrift for Laeger. January 1963. PMID 13981222
  10. Journal / agency Baker GB, Coutts RT. Metabolism of monoamine oxidase inhibitors. Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry. 1989. doi:10.1016/0278-5846(89)90128-0 · PMID 2664891
  11. Journal / agency Spencer PS. Review of the pharmacology of existing antidepressants. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. 1977. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1977.tb05761.x · PMID 334231 · PMC1429129
  12. Journal / agency Kitanaka J, Kitanaka N, Takemura M. Modification of Monoaminergic Activity by MAO Inhibitors Influences Methamphetamine Actions. Drug Target Insights. 2006. doi:10.1177/117739280600100001 · PMID 21901055 · PMC3155216
  13. Journal / agency Barbelivien A, Nyman L, Haapalinna A, Sirviö J. Inhibition of MAO-A activity enhances behavioural activity of rats assessed using water maze and open arena tasks. Pharmacology & Toxicology. June 2001. doi:10.1034/j.1600-0773.2001.880604.x · PMID 11453370

Text and values on this page are quoted from Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0), PubChem (public domain). Each value links to the exact revision it came from.